Per Capita GDP by EU State, Fourth Quarter 2018

The chart above shows the per capita annualized nominal gross domestic product (GDP) in each EU state as of the fourth quarter of 2018 in euros, the change from the previous quarter, and the GDP one year prior.  Luxembourg has at least double the per capita GDP of every other EU state save for Ireland.

Findings

• The difference between the state with the largest per capita GDP, Luxembourg, and the state with the smallest, Bulgaria, is €113,885.70 (up from €113,401.30 last quarter and up from €108,121.90 last year).  Luxembourg and Bulgaria had the largest and smallest per capita GDP respectively both last quarter and last year.
• Luxembourg has 16.26 times the per capita GDP that Bulgaria does.  The ratio of largest per capita GDP to smallest per capita GDP was up from 16.18 last quarter and down from 16.37 last year.
• The median per capita GDP in the 28 EU states is €25,481 (up from €25,223 last quarter and up from €24,621 last year) and the mean €32,336 (up from €31,994 the previous quarter and up from €31,046 last year).
• Twenty-six states saw their per capita GDP rise in current euros from the previous quarter while two (Greece and Bulgaria) saw their per capita GDP drop.
• Twenty-seven states saw their per capita GDP rise in current euros from last year while one saw a decline: Sweden.

Caveats

• GDP data is from the fourth quarter of 2018.
• Census data is from 2011.
• The data is seasonally adjusted in current euros.
• The data is annualized by multiplying the quarterly figure by four.
• All figures are rounded to the nearest hundredth.

Details

In absolute terms, Greece saw the largest decrease over the previous quarter with a drop of €29.44.  Ireland had the largest growth with a gain of €1,388.70.  Year over year, Sweden had the largest decrease with a drop of €256.72 while Luxembourg had the greatest increase with a gain of €6,192.50.

In relative terms, Greece had the largest decrease over the previous quarter with a 0.17% drop in per capita GDP while Sweden had the greatest increase with a 2.83% rise in per capita GDP.  Year over year, Sweden had the largest decrease with a 0.51% drop in per capita GDP while Latvia had the largest growth with a 10.39% rise in per capita GDP.

The number of states with a per capita GDP of over €60,000 stayed at two.  Conversely, the number of states with a per capita GDP of less than €20,000 went from 12 last year to 11 this past quarter with Estonia leaving the others behind.

Not a single state overtook another in the past quarter.  Year over year, three states rose up one spot each: Malta overtook Italy to go from 13th highest per capita GDP in the EU to 12th, Estonia overtook the Czech Republic to go from 18th to 17th highest per capita GDP, and Latvia overtook Lithuania to go from 23rd to 22nd.

Data

State	Fourth Quarter 2017	Third Quarter 2018	Fourth Quarter 2018
Austria	44,538.08	45,952.91	46,171.94
Belgium	40,310.75	40,925.99	41,507.05
Bulgaria	7,034.37	7,469.18	7463
Croatia	11,490.8	12,098.14	12,134.27
Cyprus	23,867.48	24,538.59	24,797.51
Czech Republic	19,207.37	19,760.38	19,952.4
Denmark	52,834.46	53,856.08	54,327.03
Estonia	18,771.76	20,054.46	20,485.22
Finland	42,181.28	43,647.99	44,072.9
France	35,718.45	36,300.59	36,542.13
Germany	40,734.13	41,649.63	41,780.86
Greece	16,740.2	17,137.49	17,108.05
Hungary	12,814.08	13,230.24	13,534.58
Ireland	67,948.56	69,719.34	71,108.04
Italy	29,387.79	29,544.05	29,614.76
Latvia	13,992.68	15,068.96	15,446.99
Lithuania	14,209.84	14,868.17	15,264.16
Luxembourg	115,156.23	120,870.52	121,348.73
Malta	28,057.24	30,446.76	30,663.73
Netherlands	45,104.31	46,661.25	47,169.28
Poland	12,440.3	12,911.64	13,017.21
Portugal	18,712.19	19,149.92	19,252.3
Romania	8,542.03	9,140.37	9,329.75
Slovakia	16,102.25	16,860.96	17,074.71
Slovenia	21,761.12	22,729.03	22,891.94
Spain	25,374.36	25,907.43	26,165.12
Sweden	50,160.13	48,529.94	49,903.41
United Kingdom	36,109.03	36,800.71	37,285.14

Sources

Eurostat.  2019.  "GDP and Main Components."  Accessed May 22, 2019.  http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-406779_QID_60EF9FCD_UID_-3F171EB0&layout=TIME,C,X,0;GEO,L,Y,0;UNIT,L,Z,0;S_ADJ,L,Z,1;NA_ITEM,L,Z,2;INDICATORS,C,Z,3;&zSelection=DS-406779INDICATORS,OBS_FLAG;DS-406779UNIT,CP_MEUR;DS-406779S_ADJ,SCA;DS-406779NA_ITEM,B1GQ;&rankName1=UNIT_1_2_-1_2&rankName2=INDICATORS_1_2_-1_2&rankName3=NA-ITEM_1_2_-1_2&rankName4=S-ADJ_1_2_-1_2&rankName5=TIME_1_0_0_0&rankName6=GEO_1_2_0_1&sortC=ASC_-1_FIRST&rStp=&cStp=&rDCh=&cDCh=&rDM=true&cDM=true&footnes=false&empty=false&wai=false&time_mode=NONE&time_most_recent=false&lang=EN&cfo=%23%23%23%2C%23%23%23.%23%23%23.

Eurostat.  2017.  "Population on 1 January by Age Groups and Sex - Functional Urban Areas."  Accessed December 11, 2017.  http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en.