The chart above shows the per capita annualized nominal gross domestic product (GDP) in each EU state as of the first quarter of 2019 in euros, the change from the previous quarter, and the GDP one year prior. All states saw an increase in per capita GDP over the previous quarter and over the previous year.
Findings
- The difference between the state with the largest per capita GDP, Luxembourg, and the state with the smallest, Bulgaria, is €108,930.46 (down from €109,284.81 last quarter and up from €105,376.34 last year). Luxembourg and Bulgaria had the largest and smallest per capita GDP respectively both last quarter and last year.
- Luxembourg has 14.56 times the per capita GDP that Bulgaria does. The ratio of largest per capita GDP to smallest per capita GDP was down from 15.38 last quarter and down from 15.51 last year.
- The median per capita GDP in the 28 EU states is €25,875.68 (up from €25,554.85 last quarter and up from €24,939.70 last year) and the mean €32,628.01 (up from €32,262.16 the previous quarter and up from €31,339.70 last year).
- All 28 states saw their per capita GDP rise in current euros from the previous quarter.
- All 28 states saw their per capita GDP rise in current euros from last year.
Caveats
- GDP data is from the first quarter of 2019, the fourth quarter of 2018, and the first quarter of 2018.
- Census data is from 2011.
- The data is seasonally adjusted in current euros.
- The data is annualized by multiplying the quarterly figure by four.
- All figures are rounded to the nearest hundredth.
Details
In absolute terms, Luxembourg saw the smallest increase over the previous quarter with a gain of €79.72. Ireland had the largest growth with a gain of €1,777.17. Year over year, Sweden had the smallest increase with a gain of €137.05 while Luxembourg had the greatest increase with a gain of €4,324.01.
In relative terms, Luxembourg had the smallest increase over the previous quarter with a 0.07% rise in per capita GDP while Bulgaria had the greatest increase with a 5.71% rise in per capita GDP. Year over year, Sweden had the smallest increase with a 0.27% rise in per capita GDP while Bulgaria had the largest growth with a 10.60% rise in per capita GDP.
The number of states with a per capita GDP of over €60,000 stayed at two. Conversely, the number of states with a per capita GDP of less than €20,000 went from 12 last year to 11 the previous quarter and to 10 this past quarter.
Not a single state overtook another in the past quarter. Year over year, three states rose up one spot each: Malta overtook Italy to go from 13th highest per capita GDP in the EU to 12th, Estonia overtook Portugal to go from 19th to 18th highest per capita GDP, and Slovakia overtook Greece to go from 21st to 20th.
Data
| State | First Quarter 2018 | Fourth Quarter 2018 | First Quarter 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 45,586.74 | 46,636.51 | 47,082.16 |
| Belgium | 40,475.83 | 41,507.05 | 41,623.04 |
| Bulgaria | 7,264.33 | 7,600.15 | 8,034.22 |
| Croatia | 11,712.19 | 12,148.1 | 12,378.78 |
| Cyprus | 24,365.79 | 24,861.18 | 25,400.86 |
| Czechia | 19,639.03 | 20,123.3 | 20,613.52 |
| Denmark | 52,798.64 | 54,453.06 | 54,538.88 |
| Estonia | 18,614.08 | 19,932.01 | 20,198.25 |
| Finland | 42,661.25 | 43,637.57 | 44,075.88 |
| France | 35,948.81 | 36,581.45 | 36,897.13 |
| Germany | 41,301.36 | 42,239.05 | 42,490.4 |
| Greece | 16,402.3 | 16,640.54 | 16,751.65 |
| Hungary | 13,081.96 | 13,493.87 | 14,105.06 |
| Ireland | 69,719.51 | 71,620.85 | 73,398.02 |
| Italy | 29,548.35 | 29,622.3 | 29,791.55 |
| Latvia | 13,773.42 | 14,646.84 | 14,743.82 |
| Lithuania | 14,398.67 | 15,264.16 | 15,454.17 |
| Luxembourg | 112,640.67 | 116,884.96 | 116,964.68 |
| Malta | 28,584.85 | 30,500.09 | 30,701.54 |
| Netherlands | 45,792.99 | 47,239.93 | 47,882.81 |
| Poland | 12,981.45 | 13,194.6 | 13,465.14 |
| Portugal | 18,865.27 | 19,258.85 | 19,593.67 |
| Romania | 9,560.8 | 10,394.15 | 10,505.52 |
| Slovakia | 16,322.39 | 17,059.64 | 17,326.01 |
| Slovenia | 22,015.53 | 22,927.84 | 23,351.6 |
| Spain | 25,513.61 | 26,248.51 | 26,350.51 |
| Sweden | 50,372.56 | 50,255.74 | 50,509.61 |
| United Kingdom | 37,569.26 | 38,368.31 | 39,355.72 |
Sources
Eurostat. 2019. "GDP and Main Components." Accessed August 19, 2019. https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-406779_QID_-64A128D_UID_-3F171EB0&layout=TIME,C,X,0;GEO,L,Y,0;UNIT,L,Z,0;S_ADJ,L,Z,1;NA_ITEM,L,Z,2;INDICATORS,C,Z,3;&zSelection=DS-406779UNIT,CP_MEUR;DS-406779INDICATORS,OBS_FLAG;DS-406779S_ADJ,SCA;DS-406779NA_ITEM,B1GQ;&rankName1=UNIT_1_2_-1_2&rankName2=INDICATORS_1_2_-1_2&rankName3=NA-ITEM_1_2_-1_2&rankName4=S-ADJ_1_2_-1_2&rankName5=TIME_1_0_0_0&rankName6=GEO_1_2_0_1&sortC=ASC_-1_FIRST&rStp=&cStp=&rDCh=&cDCh=&rDM=true&cDM=true&footnes=false&empty=false&wai=false&time_mode=NONE&time_most_recent=false&lang=EN&cfo=%23%23%23%2C%23%23%23.%23%23%23.
Eurostat. 2017. "Population on 1 January by Age Groups and Sex - Functional Urban Areas." Accessed December 11, 2017. http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en.