The chart above shows the per capita annualized nominal gross domestic product (GDP) in each EU state as of the third quarter of 2020 in euros, the change from the previous quarter, and the GDP one year prior. Every single state's economy grew over the past quarter.
Findings
- The difference between the state with the largest per capita GDP, Luxembourg, and the state with the smallest, Bulgaria, is €119,654.49 (up from €109,033.06 last quarter and up from €117,610.71 last year). Luxembourg and Bulgaria had the largest and smallest per capita GDP respectively both last quarter and last year.
- Luxembourg has 15.63 times the per capita GDP that Bulgaria does. The ratio of largest per capita GDP to smallest per capita GDP was up from 15.01 last quarter and up from 15.39 last year.
- The median per capita GDP in the 28 EU states is €24,964.56 (up from €21,846.56 last quarter and down from €26,668.16 last year) and the mean €33,106.47 (up from €30,216.70 the previous quarter and down from €33,743.37 last year).
- Of the 28 states, 28 saw a rise in per capita GDP in current euros from the previous quarter while zero saw a contraction.
- Of the 28 states, four saw a rise in per capita GDP in current euros from last year while 24 saw a contraction.
Caveats
- GDP data is from the third quarter of 2019, the second quarter of 2020, and the third quarter of 2020.
- Census data is from 2011.
- The data is seasonally adjusted in current euros.
- The data is annualized by multiplying the quarterly figure by four.
- All figures are rounded to the nearest hundredth.
Details
In absolute terms, Bulgaria had the worst performance over the previous quarter with a gain of €393.73. Luxembourg had the best performance with a gain of €11,015.16. Year over year, Malta had the worst performance with a drop of €2,773.09 while Ireland had the best performance with a drop of €5,217.28.
In relative terms, Finland had the worst performance over the previous quarter with a 2.71% gain in per capita GDP while Spain had the best performance with a 16.91% gain in per capita GDP. Year over year, Croatia had the worst performance with a 12.01% drop in per capita GDP while Ireland had the best performance with a 6.65% gain in per capita GDP.
The number of states with a per capita GDP of over €80,000 was one last year, one the previous quarter, and two this past quarter. Conversely, the number of states with a per capita GDP of less than €20,000 was nine last year, 12 the previous quarter, and ten this past quarter.
Austria (went from 7th highest per capita GDP to 6th highest) rose one spot over the previous quarter. On the flip side, Finland (from 6th to 7th) fell one spot. Year over year, Germany (9th to 8th), Cyprus (15th to 14th), Estonia (18th to 17th), Lithuania (from 22nd to 21st), and Poland (from 25th to 24th) rose one spot. Conversely, Belgium (8th to 9th), Spain (14th to 15th), Czechia (17th to 18th), Greece (from 21st to 22nd), and Hungary (from 24th to 25th) fell one spot.
Data
| State | Third Quarter 2019 | Second Quarter 2020 | Third Quarter 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 47,701.99 | 41,157.4 | 45,956.16 |
| Belgium | 43,412.39 | 37,211.66 | 41,754.31 |
| Bulgaria | 8,174.69 | 7,784.7 | 8,178.43 |
| Croatia | 12,736.18 | 10,361.56 | 11,206.15 |
| Cyprus | 26,621.7 | 22,613.37 | 25,285.59 |
| Czechia | 21,417.77 | 18,775.92 | 20,601.2 |
| Denmark | 56,826.6 | 52,674.91 | 55,166.79 |
| Estonia | 21,162.7 | 19,299.97 | 20,706.65 |
| Finland | 44,993.41 | 43,060.11 | 44,229.17 |
| France | 37,463.59 | 31,666.98 | 36,491.95 |
| Germany | 43,204.82 | 38,881.42 | 41,818.22 |
| Greece | 16,325.38 | 13,891.52 | 14,522.84 |
| Hungary | 14,631.01 | 12,377.79 | 13,527.75 |
| Ireland | 78,440.9 | 75,903.27 | 83,658.18 |
| Italy | 30,177.68 | 25,169.95 | 28,896.27 |
| Latvia | 14,750.37 | 13,253.22 | 14,289.56 |
| Lithuania | 16,060.21 | 15,124.08 | 16,045.53 |
| Luxembourg | 125,785.4 | 116,817.76 | 127,832.92 |
| Malta | 33,188.35 | 26,819.99 | 30,415.26 |
| Netherlands | 48,882.43 | 44,846.87 | 48,865.09 |
| Poland | 14,054.13 | 12,665.59 | 14,043.04 |
| Portugal | 20,274.25 | 17,481.37 | 19,541.8 |
| Romania | 11,102.24 | 9,691.82 | 10,419.71 |
| Slovakia | 17,460.2 | 15,502.13 | 17,447.07 |
| Slovenia | 23,864.92 | 21,038.06 | 23,142.45 |
| Spain | 26,714.62 | 21,079.74 | 24,643.53 |
| Sweden | 50,251.49 | 46,906.39 | 50,731.8 |
| United Kingdom | 39,135.02 | 34,010.08 | 37,563.85 |
Sources
Eurostat. 2020. "GDP and Main Components." Accessed December 28, 2020. https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-406779_QID_-417A9D0D_UID_-3F171EB0&layout=TIME,C,X,0;GEO,L,Y,0;UNIT,L,Z,0;S_ADJ,L,Z,1;NA_ITEM,L,Z,2;INDICATORS,C,Z,3;&zSelection=DS-406779UNIT,CP_MEUR;DS-406779INDICATORS,OBS_FLAG;DS-406779NA_ITEM,B1GQ;DS-406779S_ADJ,SCA;&rankName1=UNIT_1_2_-1_2&rankName2=INDICATORS_1_2_-1_2&rankName3=NA-ITEM_1_2_-1_2&rankName4=S-ADJ_1_2_-1_2&rankName5=TIME_1_0_0_0&rankName6=GEO_1_2_0_1&sortC=ASC_-1_FIRST&rStp=&cStp=&rDCh=&cDCh=&rDM=true&cDM=true&footnes=false&empty=false&wai=false&time_mode=NONE&time_most_recent=false&lang=EN&cfo=%23%23%23%2C%23%23%23.%23%23%23.
Eurostat. 2017. "Population on 1 January by Age Groups and Sex - Functional Urban Areas." Accessed December 11, 2017. http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en.