The correlation between per capita gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity (GDP PPP) and GDP PPP per area in South America is moderately strong.  The three largest economies on a per capita basis have either a moderate or high per area GDP relative to other countries on the continent.

The correlation between per capita gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity (GDP PPP) and GDP PPP per area in North America is almost nonexistent.  The three largest economies on a per capita basis have either a very low, moderate, or high per area GDP.

The chart above shows economic output as it relates to arable land.  The countries to the top left have a larger ratio of gross domestic product (GDP) to arable land, while countries to the bottom right have a smaller ratio of GDP to arable land.  Asia has the countries that have the largest ratio of GDP to area whereas Africa has the countries that have the smallest ratio of GDP to area.

The chart above shows economic output as it relates to arable land.  The countries to the top left have a larger ratio of gross domestic product (GDP) to arable land, while countries to the bottom right have a smaller ratio of GDP to arable land.  New Zealand, Samoa, and Kiribati have the largest ratio of GDP to area whereas Australia, Tonga, and Vanuatu have the smallest ratio of GDP to area.

The chart above shows economic output as it relates to arable land.  The countries to the top left have a larger ratio of gross domestic product (GDP) to arable land, while countries to the bottom right have a smaller ratio of GDP to arable land.  Singapore, Hong Kong, and Bahrain have the largest ratio of GDP to area whereas Afghanistan, Cambodia, and Kazakhstan have the smallest ratio of GDP to area.

The chart above shows economic output as it relates to arable land.  The countries to the top left have a larger ratio of gross domestic product (GDP) to arable land, while countries to the bottom right have a smaller ratio of GDP to arable land.  Singapore, Hong Kong, and Bahrain have the largest ratio of GDP to area whereas Afghanistan, Cambodia, and Kazakhstan have the smallest ratio of GDP to area.

The chart above shows economic output as it relates to arable land.  The countries to the top left have a larger ratio of gross domestic product (GDP) to arable land, while countries to the bottom right have a smaller ratio of GDP to arable land.  Iceland, San Marino, and Malta have the largest ratio of GDP to area whereas Moldova, Ukraine, and Belarus have the smallest ratio of GDP to area.

The chart above shows economic output as it relates to arable land.  The countries to the top left have a larger ratio of gross domestic product (GDP) to arable land, while countries to the bottom right have a smaller ratio of GDP to arable land.  Colombia, Chile, and Ecuador have the largest ratio of GDP to area whereas Argentina, Paraguay, and Guyana have the smallest ratio of GDP to area.

The chart above shows economic output as it relates to arable land.  The countries to the top left have a larger ratio of gross domestic product (GDP) to arable land, while countries to the bottom right have a smaller ratio of GDP to arable land.  Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, and Grenada have the largest ratio of GDP to area whereas Haiti, Canada, and Nicaragua have the smallest ratio of GDP to area.

Short-term rates resumed their steady rise in September and medium and long-term rates returned to their relatively more rapid rise.  The yield curve widened after narrowing further in the previous month.  Short-term rates have slowed their rise in rates but September marks the second month in a row where the one-month bill had a session with higher rates than the three-month bill and an inversion of the yield curve from the bottom up has been a steadfast indicator of recession.  No inversion has occurred yet but special attention needs to be paid to short-term rates in the near future.  All rates rose in September.